Dispensing Medications: Pharmacists review prescriptions from healthcare providers, ensure the accuracy of medication orders, and dispense medications to patients. They provide instructions on proper medication use, dosage, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications. Medication Management: Pharmacists monitor patients' medication therapies to ensure safety, efficacy, and optimal outcomes. They may advise healthcare providers on appropriate drug therapies and adjustments based on patient needs and conditions. Patient Counseling: Pharmacists offer patient counseling on medications, including how to take them correctly, potential side effects to watch for, and how to manage any adverse reactions. They promote medication adherence and answer patients' questions about their prescriptions. Clinical Services: Many pharmacists provide direct patient care through clinical services such as medication therapy management (MTM), where they collaborate with patients and healthcare providers to optimize medication regimens and improve patient outcomes. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Pharmacists educate patients and communities on health promotion, disease prevention, and management of chronic conditions. They may provide immunizations, health screenings, and advice on lifestyle modifications. Medication Safety: Pharmacists play a critical role in medication safety initiatives within healthcare organizations. They participate in medication error prevention, drug utilization reviews, and adherence to regulatory requirements. Compounding: Some pharmacists specialize in compounding medications, where they prepare customized medications based on specific patient needs, such as adjusting dosage forms, flavors, or removing allergens. Pharmacy Management: Pharmacists may manage pharmacy operations, including inventory management, staffing, budgeting, and regulatory compliance. They ensure pharmacies operate efficiently while maintaining high standards of patient care. Research and Education: Pharmacists contribute to research in pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences, advancing knowledge in drug development, efficacy, and safety. They also educate future pharmacists and healthcare professionals through teaching and mentorship. Adherence to Standards: Pharmacists adhere to ethical standards and professional guidelines set by regulatory bodies such as the state board of pharmacy and professional organizations like the American Pharmacists Association (APhA) or the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP).