They diagnose and treat conditions related to the reproductive system, such as performing screening exams, offering birth control counseling, and preventing infections. Most OB/GYNs perform surgery, and often consult with other healthcare professionals. OB/GYNS work in outpatient clinics and hospitals. Gynecology is a highly lucrative and demanding career in the medical field. A gynaecologist is a specialist doctor who manages conditions that affect the female reproductive system — which includes the vulva, vagina, uterus (womb) and ovaries.