An eye specialist is responsible for providing comprehensive medical and surgical eye care to patients of all ages. They diagnose and treat a wide range of eye conditions, ranging from common refractive errors like myopia and hyperopia to more complex conditions such as glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. They may also perform various eye surgeries, including cataract surgery, LASIK, corneal transplantation, and retinal surgery.