Diagnostic Procedures: Performing and interpreting diagnostic tests and procedures such as electrocardiograms (ECGs/EKGs), echocardiograms (ultrasound imaging of the heart), stress tests, and cardiac catheterizations. Assessing and diagnosing cardiovascular conditions such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart valve disorders, and congenital heart defects. Treatment Planning and Management: Developing personalized treatment plans for patients based on diagnostic findings, medical history, and severity of cardiovascular disease. Prescribing medications, such as beta-blockers, statins, anticoagulants, and anti-arrhythmic drugs, to manage heart conditions and prevent complications. Interventional Procedures: Performing interventional cardiology procedures, including angioplasty, stenting, and cardiac catheterization to treat blocked arteries and restore blood flow to the heart. Inserting pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) to regulate heart rhythm and prevent sudden cardiac arrest. Cardiac Rehabilitation: Recommending lifestyle modifications, including diet, exercise, and smoking cessation, to improve heart health and reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Referring patients to cardiac rehabilitation programs to support recovery after heart surgery or cardiovascular events. Patient Education and Counseling: Educating patients and their families about cardiovascular diseases, treatment options, and preventive measures. Providing counseling on managing chronic conditions, adhering to medications, and maintaining heart-healthy lifestyles. Collaboration and Consultation: Collaborating with multidisciplinary healthcare teams, including primary care physicians, cardiac surgeons, and other specialists, to coordinate comprehensive care for patients. Consulting with referring physicians and healthcare providers to discuss patient management and treatment plans. Skills and Qualifications: Medical Education: Completion of a medical degree (MD or DO) from an accredited medical school. Residency Training: Completion of residency training in Internal Medicine followed by fellowship training in Cardiology, typically lasting 6-7 years. Board Certification: Certification by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) in Cardiovascular Disease or Interventional Cardiology. Licensure: Licensure as a physician through passing national medical licensing exams. Technical Skills: Expertise in interpreting diagnostic tests, performing invasive procedures, and using specialized equipment in cardiology. Communication Skills: Effective communication with patients and healthcare teams, empathy, and patient-centered care.