Extrusion: This process involves forcing aluminum alloy through a die to create long, straight profiles with a consistent cross-section. Extruded aluminum profiles are commonly used in architectural frameworks, automotive parts, and electronic enclosures. Casting: Aluminum casting involves pouring molten aluminum into a mold to produce complex shapes. It can be done through various methods such as sand casting, die casting, and investment casting. This technique is used for manufacturing engine components, structural parts, and decorative items. Machining: Aluminum can be machined using processes like milling, drilling, turning, and grinding to create precise shapes and dimensions. Machining is commonly used to produce parts for aerospace, automotive, and machinery industries where high precision is required. Welding: Aluminum welding techniques include gas metal arc welding (GMAW), tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, and resistance welding. Welding is essential for joining aluminum components in structural applications such as bridges, boats, and aircraft. Sheet Metal Fabrication: Aluminum sheets can be cut, bent, and formed to create various products such as panels, enclosures, and containers. Sheet metal fabrication processes include laser cutting, punching, bending, and forming. Anodizing: Anodizing is an electrochemical process that creates a protective oxide layer on the surface of aluminum, enhancing its corrosion resistance and durability. Anodized aluminum is commonly used in architectural finishes, consumer electronics, and automotive parts. Powder Coating: Powder coating is a finishing process where powdered paint is electrostatically applied to aluminum surfaces and then cured under heat to form a durable coating. It provides excellent corrosion resistance and aesthetics, making it suitable for architectural elements, automotive wheels, and outdoor furniture. Composite Fabrication: Aluminum can be combined with other materials such as carbon fiber and fiberglass to create lightweight and strong composite structures for aerospace and sporting goods applications.